Method and means for producing pile or like structural columns in situ

ABSTRACT

Pile or like structural column produced in earth situs by drilling with continuous flight auger to define cavity of requisite depth, withdrawing auger by successive incremental extents and maintaining auger affixed against axial movement at top of each said extent while feeding and compacting columnforming material, through hollow shaft of auger, into each respective cavity extent, until series of successively formed extents produce integrated column. Closure on inner end of hollow auger shaft operable to stop flow of material at any depth of cavity. For forming concrete pile, closure means operable to form enlarged base or bulb of self-hardening material at bottom of cavity to increase load-bearing capacity of the formed pile.

[ 1 Sept. 12,1972

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 293,396 8/1916Germany..................6l/53.52 959,646 6/1964GreatBritain............6l/53.64

Primary Examiner--Jacob Shapiro Attorney-William Cleland ABSTRACT Pileor like structural column produced in earth situs by drilling withcontinuous flight auger to define cavity of requisite depth, withdrawingauger by successive incremental extents and. maintaining auger affixedagainst axial movement at top of each said extent while feeding andcompacting column-forming materia1, through hollow shaft of auger, intoeach respective cavity extent, until series of successively formedextents produce integrated column. Closure on inner end of hollow augershaft operable to stop flow of PRODUCING PILE OR LIKE STRUCTURAL COLUMNSIN SITU Lee A. Turzillo, 2078 Glengary Rd., Akron, Ohio 44313 March 16,1970 [21] Appl. No.: 19,906

.61/53.64, 61/11, 61/56.5, 61/63 Int. Cl. .....E02d 5/34, E02d 5/56,E02b 11/00 [58] Field of Search......61/53.64, 53.66, 53.52, 53.6,61/53.62, 63, 56.5

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS United States Patent Turzillo[54] METHOD AND MEANS FOR [72] Inventor:

[22] Filed:

material at any depth of cavity. For forming concrete pile, closuremeans operable to form enlarged base or bulb of self-hardening materialat bottom of cavity to increase load-bearing capacity of the formedpile.

15 Claims, 10 Drawing Figures 642XX wwummm mmmuooao 66 .55 unuu $2 mmmmm m w M n d hm de wm mmm LDWTGB 789990 666667 999999 111111 87 2 9049898 642322 7 5 6 D oo 4 6 2699 392272 333333 PATENTEB SEP 12 m2 SHEET1 [IF 5 INVENTDR. 4 14781121110 BY wwfiw z PATENTED SEP 12 '97? sum 2 or5 INVENTOR. Lee A. 72021110 14 for/76y PATENTEDSEP 12 I972 SHEET 4 [1F 5mum m A e e L PHENTEDSEP 12 Ian SHEET 5 [IF 5 T m m r mm A e 6 L BY vAttorney METHOD AND MEANS FOR PRODUCING PILE OR LIKE STRUCTURAL COLUMNSIN SITU BACKGROUND OF INVENTION A co-pending U. S. patent applicationSer. No. 763,047 discloses apparatus which generally suitable forpracticing the method steps of the above referred to incrementalprocedure for providing pile or other structural columns in situ. Oneimportant object of the present incremental method is to provide a moredependable way for producing concrete piles, sand drains and likecolumns, by which the shape, size and materialcompaction characteristicsof the formed columns can be readily controlled and observed aboveground to obtain best results. With particular'reference to productionof concrete piles, the present method obviates the prior art problem offeeding more material into the drilled cavity than necessary forparticular pur- SUMMARY OF INVENTION The method and means of theinvention is for providing a concrete pile or other structural column inan earth situs, and includes rotating a relatively large hollow-shaftedauger to form a bore of selective full depth in the situs, with asmaller auger selectively rotatable and axially shiftably mounted inshaft of the larger auger and withdrawing the augers from the formedbore by a plurality of increments of total depth thereof. Uponwithdrawal of the augers to define a first hollowbore increment, thesmaller auger is selectively axially shifted to project into the boreincrement to open a closure carried on the smaller auger, and thereby toopen the end of the hollow shaft. The smaller auger is, then rotated forforcible conveyance of fluid bore-filling material through the hollowshaft of the larger auger, until material becomes packed in afirstclosed hollow bore increment, as by pressure applied by the screw actionof the smaller auger. This material compacting procedure is repeated ineach successive closed, hollow-bore increment, until a full structuralcolumn is formed. The small auger may be selectively withdrawn to closethe inner end of the large auger shaft, to stop inward movement ofmaterial at any desired depth of bore, such as a predeterminedexcavation level below the existing earth surface to avoid wastingmaterial. Projection of the rotating smaller auger into the boreincrements assures maintenance of a uniform mixture of a fluid concretemix therein, for example.

Neat cement or mortar may be initially pumped through the smaller augershaft, before the closure or bit is moved to open the inner end of thelarger auger shaft prior to initial withdrawal of the same, thereby toform a concrete base or bulb in the earth, at the bottom of the drilledbore, for increasing the point-bearing load capacity of the finishedconcrete pile supported thereon (see Figure 1).

As an additional feature of the invention, a remote controlled earthcutting blade is provided at the lower end of the large auger to effect,upon rotation of the auger, radial extension of the auger flighting andthereby enlarge the diameter of the drilled cavity, at the bottomthereof. This enlargement is filled with selfhardenable cementitiousmaterial, which upon hardening, forms a base or bulb on which theultimately formed pile is supported to have substantially increasedpoint-bearing load capacity.

Other objects of the invention will be manifest from the following briefdescription and the accompanying drawings. I

Of the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross section, partly broken away, through acompleted concrete pile produced in an earth situs by one embodiment ofthe improved method of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross section, on the same scale and partly brokenaway, illustrating the general type of equipment referred to herein,including an auger within an auger, and suitable for practicing theimproved methods hereof, at a point in which a pile cavity has beenbored to full depth.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical cross section, corresponding to the lowerportion of FIG. 2, but illustrating a first stage of incrementalwithdrawal of the larger auger, at which fluid cementitious material isabout to be forced into the first of a plurality of hollow incrementalcavity extents.

FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to Figure 3, illustrating a subsequentoperation of force feeding fluid, selfhardening cementitious materialthrough the large auger shaft into the first said cavity extent.

FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4, illustrating completion of thefirst said concrete pile increment, and initial movement of the augerwithin auger, toward a second incremental stop position for filling asecond incremental cavity extent.

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary cross section corresponding to FIG. 5, butshowing the larger auger withdrawn from the cavity to a point above thecompleted pile, and the smaller auger retracted within the larger augerto close the inner end of the hollow shaft thereof, to obviate leavingexcess concrete above an excavation line or level.

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary cross section corresponding to FIG. 2, on areduced scale illustrating use of a similar auger within an augercombination, as for forcefully feeding material into a bore made by thelarger auger,

such as for producing a sand drain in the situs.

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary view corresponding to the lower portion of FIG.6, but with the smaller auger withdrawn to closed position of a closurethereon.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged-scale view of the lower portion of the apparatusshown in FIG. 7, but illustrating use of a power-adjustable bladeextension on the large auger flighting, for forming a cavity enlargementas a matrix for a concrete base or bell to increase the point-bearingload capacity of a concrete pile formed by the method of the invention.

FIG. 10 is a horizontal cross section, taken on the line 10-10 of FIG.9, and on the same scale.

Referring particularly to FIG. 2 of the drawings, there is illustratedapparatus 10 for practicing the method of the invention to produce aunitary concrete pile 11 in an earth situs, as shown in FIG. 1. Suchapparatus may include a sectional, continuous flight, hollow-shaftedauger 12 rotatably mounted on a suitable carriage 13, which isvertically movable, by means of a hoist cable 14, on guide rails 15 of adrilling rig R. A reversing-type hydraulic motor 16 on the carriage 13is selectively operable as for. rotating the auger 12 about a verticalaxis thereof, through a connecting chain drive 17. The auger 12 isthereby vertically operable at will,

to drill a bore or cavity 18 of any predetermined depth, and likewise towithdraw the auger.

For feeding column-forming material, such as hydraulic cement mortar 19,into the bore from a hopper 28, the hollow shaft 20 may have a smallerhollow-shafted auger 21, or other material pumping or conveying means,independently rotatably mounted thereon, as best shown in FIGS. 2 and 7.Referring to FIG. 2, in particular, the driving bit or closure 22, whichnormally would be affixed to the lower end of the larger auger, is inthis case non-rotatably affixed to the lower end of the smaller augershaft 21, and is provided with a peripheral seat portion 23 normallyheld in abutment with the lower end of the larger auger shaft 20, toprevent passage of materials into or out of the shaft passage 24. Thesmaller auger 21, however, is selectively vertically reciprocable,between extended and retracted conditions with respect to said lower endof the larger auger shaft 20, to open and close the lower end of passage24 therethrough, as by means of simultaneously operable hydrauliccylinders 25, 25 mounted on the carriage 13 and selectively operable toreciprocate a support 26 for a hydraulic motor 27, which rotatablycarries the smaller auger 21. Motors 16 and 27 may be synchronized torotate as one in clockwise direction, during the operation of largeauger 12 for drilling the bore 18. When the bore .has been drilled torequisite depth, however, as shown in FIG. 2, joint rotation of the twoaugers 12 and 21 may be stopped, and the hydraulic cylinders 25,25 areselectively operable to ram the smaller auger 21 downwardly with respectto the larger auger 12, thereby to open the lower end of shaft passage24, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. While the larger auger 12 may be withdrawnfrom the formed earth bore 18, with the cored earth retained in theauger flighting as shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 by means of hoist cable 14, itis adapted to be stopped and held affixed at any point while thehydraulic motor 27 is selectively operated to rotate the smaller augerin counter-clockwise direction, uniformly and continuously to feedconcrete, sand, or other porous materials from a hopper 28 affixed oncarriage 13 (see FIG. 2), downwardly through the auger shaft passage 24,and out through the open lower end of the same, with resultant uniformspreading and force-feeding of the material into the closed cavityincrement l8i defined by the selective location of the fixedly spacedinner end of the auger 12.

For the purposes described, the closure or bit 22 may be fishtail shapedto have curvate portions 29,29 which dig into the soil during thebore-drilling operation. In the reverse rotational operation of the bit22 with the small auger, however, said curvate portions conversely willtend to pack the filler material downwardly by holding the larger augertemporarily affixed for a relatively short period. While the smallerauger is rotated as described, the fluid mortar can be fed or conveyedmechanically by the flighting of the smaller auger into the closedcavity increment l8i until a suitable back pressure is built up againstthe cavity walls, which will cause relatively slight upward movement ofthe larger auger which is visibly manifested by corresponding slightmovement at the upper end of the large auger.

Referring generally to FIGS. 1 to 6, the steps of the improved methodrepresented therein, include first drilling a bore 18in the earthformation E, as by means of the continuous flight, hollow-shafted auger12, to predetermined full depth as shown in FIG. 2. Next, the auger 12is withdrawn from the formed bore 18 by means described above, bysuccessive incremental stages, to a succession of stop positions ofauger. l2, defining a plurality of cavity increment extents, from eachof which the earth of the situs is removed upwardly by the large augerfiighting and the inner end of the fixed auger 12 is presented towardthe respective hollow cavity increment or extent l8i Starting with thefirst incremental stage, the large auger 12 is withdrawn from the bore18, a given first incremental extent to a momentarily stopped position,as shown in Figure 3, while the smaller auger may be retained inwardlyextended from the end of the larger auger as shown in FIG. 3, or atleast sufficiently to maintain the closure 22 in open position fordownward, pressure-fed movement of the fluid hydraulic cement mortar, orlike self-hardening cementitious material, from supply hopper 28, firstto fill the first cavity increment with the mortar and then to compactthe same against the resistence of the enclosing walls of the cavity,including portions of the auger flighting and augered earth retained inthe flighting. For this purpose, the end of the small auger may beretained either extended or withdrawn with respect to the larger augershaft, while said larger auger is being withdrawn to the nextincremental stop position, as shown in FIG. 5, which corresponds to FIG.4 except that the first pile increment 11 i will have been compactlyformed as described above, aided by delayed, fluid-agitating retentionof substantial fiighted extent of the small auger in the fluid mortar(see chain-dotted lines in FIG. 5). This procedure is repeated until aunitary pile 11 of selective extent is formed, as shown in FIGS. 1 and6, wherein the top of the formed pile is at or below-surface point whichsubsequently, by excavating, will terminate at the desired elevation.This cut-off procedure is accomplished without waste of cement mortarbecause the small auger is easily operable from above ground to move theclosure 22 to the closed position thereof, as shown in FIG. 6, to stopthe flow of fluid material precisely at any desired elevation, afterwhich both augers can be removed from cavity 18 along with the core ofaugered earth material remaining in in the large auger flighting. Uponsetting and hardening of the cement mortar in the successively formedincremental column extents lli the same will have been amalgamated intoan integral pile body of substantially uniform density (see FIG. 1).

For certain types of less densified soils of the situs, the loadcarrying capacity of the finished pile may be increased by, atcavity-forming method stage shown in FIG. 2, pumping chemical or cementgrout through the small auger shaft 21, to permeate the soil of thesitus and form a so-called bulb or base 11b, which, upon setting andhardening, provides improved point-bearing support for the subsequentlycompleted pile body 11 (see FIG. 1).

FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate a modified form of auger equipment 10a,suitable for practicing methods of the invention to produce piles orcolumns of any fluid or flowable material, including self-hardenablecementitious material such as cement mortar, or porous material such assand.

For producing a sand or porous drain column in an earth situs E, forexample, the augering equipment of FIGS. 7 and 8 may include arelatively large, sectional continuous flight auger 35 releasablyaffixed by means of a coupling 36, to an adaptor tube 37, rotatablymounted on a carriage 38 which is, by a hoist cable 39, verticallymovable along guide rails 40 of drilling rig 41. A reversible hydraulicmotor 42, on carriage 38, is selectively operable through adaptor 37 torotate the auger 35 about a vertical axis of the same for drilling alarge diameter bore 46 of requisite extent in the situs E, in accordancewith methods to be described later. Cutting teeth 47 or other drivingmeans may be provided on the lower end of auger 35.

A hopper 48 may be affixed on lower part 4911 of a two-part carriage 49,to be vertically movable therewith along the upright guide rails 40, bymeans of a hoist cable 50, either concurrently with or independently ofthe carriage 38. For this purpose, the hopper 48 converges to a tubularsection 51 having non-rotatable, quickly releasable connection to thecarriage 38 to communicate the interior of the hopper with thecylindrical passage 52 through adaptor tube 37 to the passageway 53 ofthe large auger 35, without interfering with rotation of the auger. Tothis end, the hopper section 51 may have affixed to its lower end acentrally apertured annulus 54, held complementally and nonrotatablyseated in peripheral seat means 55 on carriage 38, as by a plurality ofquick-acting, springpressed latches 56,56 provided on a fixed part ofthe carriage 38.

A reversible hydraulic motor 58 mounted on upper part 49b of thetwo-part carriage 49, releasably attached to part 49a thereof, carries arelatively small, sectional auger device 59 adapted to extend throughthe hollow shaft 57 of the large auger 35, selectively to be rotated atthe same time or independently thereof, in any rotational direction. Forease of changing the lengths of both augers at the same time, the smallauger device 59 may have a releasable coupling of known type, slightlybelow the coupling 36 of the large auger. In this way, the small augerselectively may be made to extend either beyond the inner end of thelarge auger as shown in FIG. 7, or to position a combined driving bitand closure member 61, affixed on the hollow shaft portion 59d of thesmall auger within the passageway 53 of the larger hollow shaft 57.Auger device 59 may be reciprocated toward and from the FIG. 6, closedposition of closure 61, by releasing latch means 56 and thereby, throughcable 50, to raise or lower the carriage 49 with hopper 48thereon. Thisactuation of car- 7 riage 49 also may be utilized to empty hopper 48, orto inspect soil of the situs collected in the flighting of the smallauger. Alternatively, the auger device 59 may be similarly reciprocatedor retracted, without hopper 48, by releasing upper carriage part 49bfrom carriage part 49a at 49c.

For certain purposes, fluid hydraulic cement mortar or grout, underpressure, may be pumped through the hollow shaft of small auger 59,through a suitable swivel connector 64 at the upper end thereof.

Referring further to FIG. 7, while the small auger device 59 may be ofthe substantially continuous-flight type, the present inventioncontemplates provision of substantial extents 59a and 59b of spiralflighting at the upper and lower ends of small auger shaft 590 and asubstantial intermediate extent 590 of the smaller auger adapted to becontained within the large auger shaft 57 (see FIGS. 7 and 8). Affixedto the upper portion of the intermediate shaft extent 59c or otherwisewithin or below hopper 48 there may be at least one fluid pump P, whichutilizes a screw-like rotor (not shown) and operable by rotation of.auger device 59 to pump fluid material, such as cement mortar, granularmaterials, or mixes and the like, including sand. By rotation of augerdevice 59 within the large auger shaft 57, therefore, fluid materialfrom hopper 48 is fed to pump P, which I accelerates movement of thematerial through the large auger shaft in the open position of closure,shown in FIG. 7, which corresponds to the first incremental stopposition of the larger auger as is shown and described above inconnection with FIGS. 3 and 4. As before, the fluid sand may be forcedinto each cavity increment as shown in FIG. 7, in which the pressurizedfluid material is being mixed and further compacted within the confinedcavity space, by the rotating auger flight extent 59b. When each saidcavity space has been compactly filled with material the closure 61 maybe moved to closed position before starting upward movement of thelarger auger, as shown in FIG. 8, or the small auger extent 59b may beextended and rotating in a manner to keep the filler material compacted.The segmental step process may be repeated as described until thedesired upward extent of formed sand or other column is accomplished, atwhich time the small auger may be withdrawn to the closed position ofclosure 61, to accomplish full withdrawal of the larger auger withoutunnecessary loss of filler material.

Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, there is illustrated a modified form of thesoil augering means best shown in FIG. 1, but in which a cutter plate orblade is mounted on the lowermost portion of the flighting 12f of largeauger 12, to be selectively slidable toward and from a position in whicha substantial extent of the blade will project into the earth of thesitus, as shown in chain-dotted lines in FIG. 10, for enlarging thediameter of a substantial vertical extent 71 of the lower end of thecavity 18, by appropriate axial movement of the large auger while beingrotated in cavity boring direction (see FIGS. 9 and 10). For thispurpose a hydraulically, actuated piston unit 72, mounted on theunderside of the large auger flighting 12f, is selectively operable bysuitable remote control means (not shown), to extend the blade 70 beyondthe peripheral edge of said auger flighting 12f, as shown in chaindottedlines in FIG. 10. The projected blade 70 is adapted, with appropriaterotation and axial movement of the large auger 12, to feed the materialscooped from the augered enlargement 71 up the large auger flighting12f, for removal of the scooped material along with the earth core fromthe augered cavity 18. This feature makes it possible to form a concretebase or bulb 11d,

in the enlarged cavity portion 71, which becomes an integral part of thecompleted concrete pile 11.

Further in reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, it is readily apparent that theblade 70 may be adjusted to extend beyond the cutting edge of the augerflighting a lesser extent than shown, as for example a fraction of aninch, thereby during rotative withdrawal of the large auger, to providescoring or grooving on the walls of at least one of the cavity incrementextents 18i. The subsequently formed and hardened concrete pile forexample, by extension into the scores or grooves in the cavity wallswill, by increasing the shear resistence of the hardened pile, increasethe ultimate load bearing capacity of the pile correspondingly. Thisscoring procedure can be utilized in forming concrete piles by othermethods utilizing hollow-shafted augers.

In practice of the foregoing and related methods for producing concretepiles, load-bearing capacities of the finished piles may besubstantially increased by, before or while pumping the fluid cementmortar into each closed cavity increment, forcing chemical or cementgrout through the small auger shafts 21 or 59 of FIGS. 2 and 7,respectively. The relatively more fluid grout is thereby displaced bythe heavier pressurized cement mortar, and is forced into the cavitywall areas of the respective cavity extents to permeate radially intothe surrounding earth, including fissures, crevices and voids therein.The grout-permeated earth hardens substantially as integral reinforcingextensions of the hardened concrete piles, with very substantialincrease in said pile load-bearing capacities. The degree of penetrationof the more fluid grout will depend upon the permeability of thesurrounding soil, but is to a substantial degree measurable by the totalamount of grout pumped into the cavity and/or the amounts pumped intothe cavity increments.

In a modified use of the apparatus generally described above, andparticularly as described above in reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, forproducing columns of either self-hardenable cementitious material orporous materials, the following method procedure is calculated toproduce highly satisfactory results. After screwing the larger augerinto the situs to full depth of the cavity 18, the large auger iswithdrawn by a plurality of separate incremental steps to successivestop positions of the larger auger, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, each timeat a given withdrawal speed while rotating the smaller auger 21 at asecond rate of speed, calculated mechanically to force-feed the fluidmaterial from the hopper axially into the respective cavity increment ata faster linear speed than the rate of withdrawal of the larger auger.As the larger auger is thus withdrawn toward any given said stopposition, however, the continued relatively fast rotation of the smallerauger, including a substantial flighted extent thereof presented belowthe inner end of the larger auger (see FIGS. 4 and 5), force-feeds thefluid material into the corresponding cavity increment l8i, rapidly tofill the same to a point of refusal at which the fluid material becomesstatic in the large auger shaft passage 24, as well as in the supplyhopper. Full or maximum compactionand densifying of the fluid materialfed or conveyed into each closed cavity increment 181' will be readilydiscernible at each said point or period of refusal by observing anaccompanying static condition of the material in the hopper, or byslight upward movement of the larger auger, after which the operation isrepeated until the incremental column is completed, generally as shownin FIG. 1. In addition, the above-described force-feeding rotation ofthe smaller auger may be accompanied by reciprocation of the same toprovide pumping action in the discharged fluid material.

Modification of the invention may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

I 1. A method as for providing in an earth situs a column or structuralformation of material different from that of the situs, comprising thesteps of: screwing a continuous flight hollow-shafted auger inwardlyinto the situs to form a pile cavity therein of requisite depth; andwithdrawing said auger, substantially without retraction of soil carriedby the auger flighting into the cavity, by a plurality of successiveincremental stages to stop positions of the auger defining a pluralityof corresponding cavity increment extents in which the inner end of theauger is substantially non-rotatably presented to the respective saidcavity increment extents; fluid column-forming material being force fedthrough the hollow shaft of the auger into the successive said cavityincrement extents, in upward progression, while the auger is incorresponding said stop positions thereof rapidly to fill the respectivecavity increment extents one upon the other: and the steps of the methodincluding rotation of a second auger within said auger shaft, with aflighted extent of the second auger presented within the respectivecavity increment extent, for downward compaction of the fluid fillmaterial against the resistance of the enclosing walls of the formedcavity, whereby an integrated column of selective total length is formedin said pile cavity.

2. A method as in claim 1, wherein said hollowshafted auger ismaintained in the stopped positions thereof until the column-formingmaterial, forcefully fed to the cavity increment extents is compactedinto the enclosing walls defining the same.

3. A method as in claim 1, wherein said columnforming material isself-hardening cementitious materia1.

4. A method as in claim 1, wherein said columnforming material isself-hardening cementitious material, and successive said cavityincrement extents are filled therewith integrally to unite with fluidcementitious material of the next preceding filled cavity incrementextent.

5. A method as in claim 1, said feeding of fluid column-forming materialthrough said hollow shaft being controlled by reciprocation of anelongated element extending through the hollow shaft for opening andclosing a closure on the inner end of the same.

6. A method as in claim 1, said feeding of fluid column-forming materialthrough said hollow shaft being controlled by reciprocation of saidsecond auger through the hollow shaft for opening and closing a closureon the inner end of the hollow shaft.

7. A method as for providing in an earth situs a column or structuralformation of material different from that of the situs, comprising thesteps of: screwing a hollow-shafted auger inwardly into the situs toform a pile cavity therein of requisite depth; withdrawing said auger bysuccessive incremental stages to stop positions defining a plurality ofcavity increment extents in which the inner end of the shaft ispresented to the respective said cavity increment extent; feeding fluidcolumnforming material through the hollow shaft of the auger into eachsuccessive said cavity increment extent, in upward progression, whilethe auger is in corresponding said stop positions to fill the respectivecavity increment extents one upon the other until a column of saidselective length is formed; the method including pumping relativelythin'solidiflable fluid into said pile cavity to be displaced by saidcolumn-forming material and permeate into the earth surrounding theformed column.

8. A method as in claim 7, wherein said columnforming material ishydraulic cement mortar.

9. A method as for providing a concrete or like pile in an earth situscomprising the steps of: screwing a hollow-shafted auger inwardly intothe situs to form a pile cavity therein of requisite depth; withdrawingsaid auger to at least one stop position defining a closed cavity extentbeyond the inner end of the shaft; feeding self-hardenable pile-formingcementitious material from a source of supply thereof, through thehollow shaft of the auger into said cavity to displace a more fluidgrout also fed into said cavity from a different source thereof, wherebysaid displaced fluid grout is caused to permeate radially into the soilof the situs and increase the load-bearing capacity of the formed pile.

10. A method as in claim 7, wherein said pile-forming material ishydraulic cement mortar force fed into the closed cavity.

11. A method as for providing in a earth situs a column or structuralformation of material different from that of the situs, comprising thesteps of: screwing a hollow-shafted auger inwardly into the situs toform a cavity therein of requisite depth; withdrawing said auger bysuccessive incremental stages to stop positions defining a plurality ofcavity increment extents in which the inner end of the auger issubstantially non-rotatably presented toward each respective said cavityincrement extent, while mechanically force-feeding fluid columnformingmaterial from a source thereof to convey said material through thehollow shaft of the auger into each successive said cavity incrementextent, in upward progression; and the steps of the method includingrotation of a second auger within said auger shaft, with a flightedextent of the second auger presented within the respective cavityincrement extent, for downward compaction of the fluid fill materialagainst the resistance of the enclosing walls of the formed cavity,whereby an integrated structural body of selective total length isformed in said pile cavity.

12. A method as in claim 11, wherein the fluid material is fed throughsaid hollow shaft by force-feeding flighting of said second auger withinthe hollow shaft.

13. A method as in claim 12, wherein said fluid material is in the classincluding self-hardenable cementitious material and porous materials.

14. A method as in claim 11, wherein said fluid material is in the classincluding self-hardenable cementitious materials and orous materials.

15. A method as in 0 arm 11, wherein said second auger is reciprocatedwith respect to said hollowshafted auger while a flighting extent of thesecond auger is within the material fed into formed cavity.

1. A method as for providing in an earth situs a column or structuralformation of material different from that of the situs, comprising thesteps of: screwing a continuous flight hollow-shafted auger inwardlyinto the situs to form a pile cavity therein of requisite depth; andwithdrawing said auger, substantially without retraction of soil carriedby the auger flighting into the cavity, by a plurality of successiveincremental stages to stop positions of the auger defining a pluralityof corresponding cavity increment extents in which the inner end of theauger is substantially non-rotatably presented to the respective saidcavity increment extents; fluid columnforming material being force fedthrough the hollow shaft of the auger into the successive said cavityincrement extents, in upward progression, while the auger is incorresponding said stop positions thereof rapidly to fill the respectivecavity increment extents one upon the other: and the steps of the methodincluding rotation of a second auger within said auger shaft, with aflighted extent of the second auger presented within the respectivecavity increment extent, for downward compaction of the fluid fillmaterial against the resistance of the enclosing walls of the formedcavity, whereby an integrated column of selective total length is formedin said pile cavity.
 2. A method as in claim 1, wherein saidhollow-shafted auger is maintained in the stopped positions thereofuntil the column-forming material, forcefully fed to the cavityincrement extents is compacted into the enclosing walls defining thesame.
 3. A method as in claim 1, wherein said column-forming material isself-hardening cementitious material.
 4. A method as in claim 1, whereinsaid column-forming material is self-hardening cementitious material,and successive said cavity increment extents are filled therewithintegrally to unite with fluid cementitious material of the nextpreceding filled cavity increment extent.
 5. A method as in claim 1,said feeding of fluid column-forming material through said hollow shaftbeing controlled by reciprocation of an elongated element extendingthrough the hollow shaft for opening and closing a closure on the innerend of the same.
 6. A method as in claim 1, said feeding of fluidcolumn-forming material through said hollow shaft being controlled byreciprocation of said second auger through the hollow shaft for openingand closing a closure on the inner end of the hollow shaft.
 7. A methodas for providing in an earth situs a column or structural formation ofmaterial different from that of the situs, comprising the steps of:screwing a hollow-shafted auger inwardly into the situs to form a pilecavity therein of requisite depth; withdrawing said auger by successiveincremental stages to stop positions defining a plurality of cavityincrement extents in which the inner end of the shaft is presented tothe respective said cavity increment extent; feeding fluidcolumn-forming material through the hollow shaft of the auger into eachsuccessive said cavity increment extent, in upward progression, whilethe auger is in corresponding said stop positions to fill the respectivecavity increment extents one upon the other until a column of saidselective length is formed; the method including pumping relatively thinsolidifiable fluid into said pile cavity to be displaced by saidcolumn-forming material and permeate into the earth surrounding theformed column.
 8. A method as in claim 7, wherein said column-formingmaterial is hydraulic cement mortar.
 9. A method as for providing aconcrete or like pile in an earth situs comprising the steps of:screwing a hollow-shafted auger inwardly into the situs to form a pilecavity therein of requisite depth; withdrawing said auger to at leastone stop position defining a closed cavity extent beyond the inner endof the shaft; feeding self-hardenable pile-forming cementitious materialfrom a source of supply thereof, through the hollow shaft of the augerinto said cavity to displace a more fluid grout also fed into saidcavity from a different source thereof, whereby said displaced fluidgrout is caused to permeate radially into the soil of the situs andincrease the load-bearing capacity of the formed pile.
 10. A method asin claim 7, wherein said pile-forming material is hydraulic cementmortar force fed into the closed cavity.
 11. A method as for providingin a earth situs a column or structural formation of material differentfrom that of the situs, comprising the steps of: screwing ahollow-shafted auger inwardly into the situs to form a cavity therein ofrequisite depth; withdrawing said auger by successive incremental stagesto stop positions defining a plurality of cavity increment extents inwhich the inner end of the auger is substantially non-rotatablypresented toward each respective said cavity increment extent, whilemechanically force-feeding fluid column-forming material from a sourcethereof to convey said material through the hollow shaft of the augerinto each successive said cavity increment extent, in upwardprogression; and the steps of the method including rotation of a secondauger within said auger shaft, with a flighted extent of the secondauger presented within the respective cavity increment extent, fordownward compaction of the fluid fill material against the resistance ofthe enclosing walls of the formed cavity, whereby an integratedstructural body of selective total length is formed in said pile cavity.12. A method as in claim 11, wherein the fluid material is fed throughsaid hollow shaft by force-feeding flighting of said second auger withinthe hollow shaft.
 13. A method as in claim 12, wherein said fluidmaterial is in the class including self-hardenable cementitious materialand porous materials.
 14. A method as in claim 11, wherein said fluidmaterial is in the class including self-hardenable cementitiousmaterials and porous materials.
 15. A method as in claim 11, whereinsaid second auger is reciprocated with respect to said hollow-shaftedauger while a flighting extent of the second auger is within thematerial fed into formed cavity.